Abstract：According to The Book of Etiquettes and Ceremonials(《仪礼》),there was a kind of guests attending ceremonies who were called grand dukes(诸公). Exiled monarchs(寄公),recorded as Ji Gong(寄公)or Yu Gong(寓公),were a kind of grand dukes. During the Spring and Autumn Period,these exiled monarchs were accepted and supported by other host countries. They were usually provided with fiefs, and might also be invited to ritual ceremonies like the district drinking festivity(乡饮酒礼),on which they had their special guest seats and received more honorable treatment than those state chief ministers and high-rank officials did. Ji Gong would also attend mourning rites for monarchs and high-rank officials,and their standing positions would be set among state chief ministers, high-rank officials and foreign guests,which could present their political hierarchy and special background.
Yan Buke. The Life of Exiled Monarchs Recorded in the Pre-Qin Books of Rites andBooks of History[J]. Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2022, 59(5): 15-29.
