A civilization often contains a kind of ideological gene in the early stage after its birth, which displays the unique way how it deals with the world in its ideology. At the beginning of the 20th century, ideological genes of modern civilization were generated in conflicts and changes in China. As a typical example, Li Dazhao’s (李大钊) ideological exploration shows the spiritual inner core of this ideological gene. On the basis of criticism, he formed his new world outlook, historical view and values. Basing himself on overcoming the limitations of existing civilizations, he created “the third new civilization”. And he affirmed the subjectivity of Chinese civilization, recognizing and affirming it in the equal interaction with others. The subsequent historical process was full of variations, but on the whole it manifested itself as the development, evolution and realization of the above-mentioned ideological gene, which finally led to China’s path with multi-modernity.